A question on quasi-linear first order PDE?











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The following PDE:
$(x-y);frac{partial u}{partial x} + (y-x-u);frac{partial u}{partial y} = u$ with $u(x,0) = 1$



satisfies:



a) $u^2(x - y +u) + (y-x-u) = 0$



b) $u^2(x + y +u) + (y-x-u) = 0$



c) $u^2(x - y +u) + (y+x+u) = 0$



d) $u^2(x - y +u) + (y+x-u) = 0$



My attempt:



I tried to solve the following ODE



$frac{dx}{x-y} = frac{dy}{y-x-u} = frac{du}{u}$



First I got $d(x+y +u) = 0$ from where I deduced that $x + y + u = c_1$.



Secondly I substituted $u$ in $y-x-u$ to get $y-x+x+y-c_1 = 2y - c_1$ and the solved



$frac{dy}{2y - c_1} = frac{du}{u}$ to get $frac{sqrt{y - (c_1/2)}}{u} = c_2$. Hence resubstituting $c_1$, we have $$2c_2^2u^2 = y - x -u.$$



The intial value is not helping me because it gives $c_2^2 = -(x+1)/2$ which is not a constant. Also my answer is nowhere close to the options provided?










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  • why is it downvoted, pls specify the reason?
    – henceproved
    Nov 18 at 3:40















up vote
3
down vote

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The following PDE:
$(x-y);frac{partial u}{partial x} + (y-x-u);frac{partial u}{partial y} = u$ with $u(x,0) = 1$



satisfies:



a) $u^2(x - y +u) + (y-x-u) = 0$



b) $u^2(x + y +u) + (y-x-u) = 0$



c) $u^2(x - y +u) + (y+x+u) = 0$



d) $u^2(x - y +u) + (y+x-u) = 0$



My attempt:



I tried to solve the following ODE



$frac{dx}{x-y} = frac{dy}{y-x-u} = frac{du}{u}$



First I got $d(x+y +u) = 0$ from where I deduced that $x + y + u = c_1$.



Secondly I substituted $u$ in $y-x-u$ to get $y-x+x+y-c_1 = 2y - c_1$ and the solved



$frac{dy}{2y - c_1} = frac{du}{u}$ to get $frac{sqrt{y - (c_1/2)}}{u} = c_2$. Hence resubstituting $c_1$, we have $$2c_2^2u^2 = y - x -u.$$



The intial value is not helping me because it gives $c_2^2 = -(x+1)/2$ which is not a constant. Also my answer is nowhere close to the options provided?










share|cite|improve this question






















  • why is it downvoted, pls specify the reason?
    – henceproved
    Nov 18 at 3:40













up vote
3
down vote

favorite
1









up vote
3
down vote

favorite
1






1





The following PDE:
$(x-y);frac{partial u}{partial x} + (y-x-u);frac{partial u}{partial y} = u$ with $u(x,0) = 1$



satisfies:



a) $u^2(x - y +u) + (y-x-u) = 0$



b) $u^2(x + y +u) + (y-x-u) = 0$



c) $u^2(x - y +u) + (y+x+u) = 0$



d) $u^2(x - y +u) + (y+x-u) = 0$



My attempt:



I tried to solve the following ODE



$frac{dx}{x-y} = frac{dy}{y-x-u} = frac{du}{u}$



First I got $d(x+y +u) = 0$ from where I deduced that $x + y + u = c_1$.



Secondly I substituted $u$ in $y-x-u$ to get $y-x+x+y-c_1 = 2y - c_1$ and the solved



$frac{dy}{2y - c_1} = frac{du}{u}$ to get $frac{sqrt{y - (c_1/2)}}{u} = c_2$. Hence resubstituting $c_1$, we have $$2c_2^2u^2 = y - x -u.$$



The intial value is not helping me because it gives $c_2^2 = -(x+1)/2$ which is not a constant. Also my answer is nowhere close to the options provided?










share|cite|improve this question













The following PDE:
$(x-y);frac{partial u}{partial x} + (y-x-u);frac{partial u}{partial y} = u$ with $u(x,0) = 1$



satisfies:



a) $u^2(x - y +u) + (y-x-u) = 0$



b) $u^2(x + y +u) + (y-x-u) = 0$



c) $u^2(x - y +u) + (y+x+u) = 0$



d) $u^2(x - y +u) + (y+x-u) = 0$



My attempt:



I tried to solve the following ODE



$frac{dx}{x-y} = frac{dy}{y-x-u} = frac{du}{u}$



First I got $d(x+y +u) = 0$ from where I deduced that $x + y + u = c_1$.



Secondly I substituted $u$ in $y-x-u$ to get $y-x+x+y-c_1 = 2y - c_1$ and the solved



$frac{dy}{2y - c_1} = frac{du}{u}$ to get $frac{sqrt{y - (c_1/2)}}{u} = c_2$. Hence resubstituting $c_1$, we have $$2c_2^2u^2 = y - x -u.$$



The intial value is not helping me because it gives $c_2^2 = -(x+1)/2$ which is not a constant. Also my answer is nowhere close to the options provided?







pde






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asked Nov 18 at 3:36









henceproved

1077




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  • why is it downvoted, pls specify the reason?
    – henceproved
    Nov 18 at 3:40


















  • why is it downvoted, pls specify the reason?
    – henceproved
    Nov 18 at 3:40
















why is it downvoted, pls specify the reason?
– henceproved
Nov 18 at 3:40




why is it downvoted, pls specify the reason?
– henceproved
Nov 18 at 3:40










1 Answer
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In fact neither $c_1$ nor $c_2$ are constants. Better said, choosing values for them defines a particular characteristic curve. The boundary conditions (in this case $u(x,0)=1$) give the initial conditions for each characteristic curve. What you are calculated is the equations that along the curve $(x,0)$ (the $y$ axis) the constants $c_1$ and $c_2$ must satisfy (the second one is obtained by the same procedure as th first):



$c_2^2 = -(x+1)/2$



$x+1=c_1$



For both equations to be true they must to be related this way: $2c_2^2=-c_1$ (substituting $x+1$ in the first by the value from the second)



But the constants have to be related in general, so is,



$dfrac{y - x -u}{u^2}=2c_2^2=-c_1=-(x+y+u)$ or



$u^2(x + y +u) + (y-x-u) = 0$






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    In fact neither $c_1$ nor $c_2$ are constants. Better said, choosing values for them defines a particular characteristic curve. The boundary conditions (in this case $u(x,0)=1$) give the initial conditions for each characteristic curve. What you are calculated is the equations that along the curve $(x,0)$ (the $y$ axis) the constants $c_1$ and $c_2$ must satisfy (the second one is obtained by the same procedure as th first):



    $c_2^2 = -(x+1)/2$



    $x+1=c_1$



    For both equations to be true they must to be related this way: $2c_2^2=-c_1$ (substituting $x+1$ in the first by the value from the second)



    But the constants have to be related in general, so is,



    $dfrac{y - x -u}{u^2}=2c_2^2=-c_1=-(x+y+u)$ or



    $u^2(x + y +u) + (y-x-u) = 0$






    share|cite|improve this answer

























      up vote
      1
      down vote



      accepted










      In fact neither $c_1$ nor $c_2$ are constants. Better said, choosing values for them defines a particular characteristic curve. The boundary conditions (in this case $u(x,0)=1$) give the initial conditions for each characteristic curve. What you are calculated is the equations that along the curve $(x,0)$ (the $y$ axis) the constants $c_1$ and $c_2$ must satisfy (the second one is obtained by the same procedure as th first):



      $c_2^2 = -(x+1)/2$



      $x+1=c_1$



      For both equations to be true they must to be related this way: $2c_2^2=-c_1$ (substituting $x+1$ in the first by the value from the second)



      But the constants have to be related in general, so is,



      $dfrac{y - x -u}{u^2}=2c_2^2=-c_1=-(x+y+u)$ or



      $u^2(x + y +u) + (y-x-u) = 0$






      share|cite|improve this answer























        up vote
        1
        down vote



        accepted







        up vote
        1
        down vote



        accepted






        In fact neither $c_1$ nor $c_2$ are constants. Better said, choosing values for them defines a particular characteristic curve. The boundary conditions (in this case $u(x,0)=1$) give the initial conditions for each characteristic curve. What you are calculated is the equations that along the curve $(x,0)$ (the $y$ axis) the constants $c_1$ and $c_2$ must satisfy (the second one is obtained by the same procedure as th first):



        $c_2^2 = -(x+1)/2$



        $x+1=c_1$



        For both equations to be true they must to be related this way: $2c_2^2=-c_1$ (substituting $x+1$ in the first by the value from the second)



        But the constants have to be related in general, so is,



        $dfrac{y - x -u}{u^2}=2c_2^2=-c_1=-(x+y+u)$ or



        $u^2(x + y +u) + (y-x-u) = 0$






        share|cite|improve this answer












        In fact neither $c_1$ nor $c_2$ are constants. Better said, choosing values for them defines a particular characteristic curve. The boundary conditions (in this case $u(x,0)=1$) give the initial conditions for each characteristic curve. What you are calculated is the equations that along the curve $(x,0)$ (the $y$ axis) the constants $c_1$ and $c_2$ must satisfy (the second one is obtained by the same procedure as th first):



        $c_2^2 = -(x+1)/2$



        $x+1=c_1$



        For both equations to be true they must to be related this way: $2c_2^2=-c_1$ (substituting $x+1$ in the first by the value from the second)



        But the constants have to be related in general, so is,



        $dfrac{y - x -u}{u^2}=2c_2^2=-c_1=-(x+y+u)$ or



        $u^2(x + y +u) + (y-x-u) = 0$







        share|cite|improve this answer












        share|cite|improve this answer



        share|cite|improve this answer










        answered Nov 18 at 8:29









        Rafa Budría

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        5,4001825






























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