Show that each point in $V$ has the same out valency in $Omega$
up vote
0
down vote
favorite
Here is a statement from the book:
Let G be a group of permutations that acts transitively on $V$, a set of vertices. Let $Omega$ be an orbit of $G$ on $Vtimes V$ that is not symmetric (so $Omega neq Omega^T$). Then $Omega$ is an oriented graph $G$ acts transitively on its vertices. Hence each point in $V$ has the same out-valency and the same in-valency.
I am trying to show that the latter part is true, and it's been tough. Doing any sort of matchings of arcs from $(x,y)$ to $(a,b)$ for some $x,a in V$ proves to be tough since we have a lot of $g$'s and any edge $(x,y)$ can be mapped to any edge $(a,b)$ by choosing (possibly more than one choice) a $g in G$ such that $g(x) = a, g(y) = b$.
One avenue of attack is this: Say $x,a in V$. We know that $G_x leq G$. Since the set of $g in G$ such that $g(x) = a$ is a right coset of $G_x$, we can denote $G_{x rightarrow a} = lbrace g : g(x) = a rbrace$. Now since $G$ is transitive and $Omega$ is an orbital, we know that if $(a,b) in Omega, exists g in G$ such that $(x,y)^g = (a,b)$. This $g$ is also in $G_{x rightarrow a}$. So if $langle x rangle$ are all the out-arcs of $x$, then $G_{x rightarrow a}$ applied to $langle x rangle$ will be the set of edges $langle a rangle$. So $g$ can be viewed as a permutation between $y in V : (x,y) in Omega$ and $b in V : (a,b) in Omega$. Since $g$ is a permutation, the map is 1-1. So the sets must be the same. Similar logic can be applied to obtain the same result for in-arcs.
This seems to be over-complicated for a statement in the book that is not proven. Am I missing a much simpler proof for this statement?
PS. Sorry for the excessive notation, I tried my best to be as precise and as clean as possible. Thanks!
graph-theory algebraic-graph-theory
add a comment |
up vote
0
down vote
favorite
Here is a statement from the book:
Let G be a group of permutations that acts transitively on $V$, a set of vertices. Let $Omega$ be an orbit of $G$ on $Vtimes V$ that is not symmetric (so $Omega neq Omega^T$). Then $Omega$ is an oriented graph $G$ acts transitively on its vertices. Hence each point in $V$ has the same out-valency and the same in-valency.
I am trying to show that the latter part is true, and it's been tough. Doing any sort of matchings of arcs from $(x,y)$ to $(a,b)$ for some $x,a in V$ proves to be tough since we have a lot of $g$'s and any edge $(x,y)$ can be mapped to any edge $(a,b)$ by choosing (possibly more than one choice) a $g in G$ such that $g(x) = a, g(y) = b$.
One avenue of attack is this: Say $x,a in V$. We know that $G_x leq G$. Since the set of $g in G$ such that $g(x) = a$ is a right coset of $G_x$, we can denote $G_{x rightarrow a} = lbrace g : g(x) = a rbrace$. Now since $G$ is transitive and $Omega$ is an orbital, we know that if $(a,b) in Omega, exists g in G$ such that $(x,y)^g = (a,b)$. This $g$ is also in $G_{x rightarrow a}$. So if $langle x rangle$ are all the out-arcs of $x$, then $G_{x rightarrow a}$ applied to $langle x rangle$ will be the set of edges $langle a rangle$. So $g$ can be viewed as a permutation between $y in V : (x,y) in Omega$ and $b in V : (a,b) in Omega$. Since $g$ is a permutation, the map is 1-1. So the sets must be the same. Similar logic can be applied to obtain the same result for in-arcs.
This seems to be over-complicated for a statement in the book that is not proven. Am I missing a much simpler proof for this statement?
PS. Sorry for the excessive notation, I tried my best to be as precise and as clean as possible. Thanks!
graph-theory algebraic-graph-theory
add a comment |
up vote
0
down vote
favorite
up vote
0
down vote
favorite
Here is a statement from the book:
Let G be a group of permutations that acts transitively on $V$, a set of vertices. Let $Omega$ be an orbit of $G$ on $Vtimes V$ that is not symmetric (so $Omega neq Omega^T$). Then $Omega$ is an oriented graph $G$ acts transitively on its vertices. Hence each point in $V$ has the same out-valency and the same in-valency.
I am trying to show that the latter part is true, and it's been tough. Doing any sort of matchings of arcs from $(x,y)$ to $(a,b)$ for some $x,a in V$ proves to be tough since we have a lot of $g$'s and any edge $(x,y)$ can be mapped to any edge $(a,b)$ by choosing (possibly more than one choice) a $g in G$ such that $g(x) = a, g(y) = b$.
One avenue of attack is this: Say $x,a in V$. We know that $G_x leq G$. Since the set of $g in G$ such that $g(x) = a$ is a right coset of $G_x$, we can denote $G_{x rightarrow a} = lbrace g : g(x) = a rbrace$. Now since $G$ is transitive and $Omega$ is an orbital, we know that if $(a,b) in Omega, exists g in G$ such that $(x,y)^g = (a,b)$. This $g$ is also in $G_{x rightarrow a}$. So if $langle x rangle$ are all the out-arcs of $x$, then $G_{x rightarrow a}$ applied to $langle x rangle$ will be the set of edges $langle a rangle$. So $g$ can be viewed as a permutation between $y in V : (x,y) in Omega$ and $b in V : (a,b) in Omega$. Since $g$ is a permutation, the map is 1-1. So the sets must be the same. Similar logic can be applied to obtain the same result for in-arcs.
This seems to be over-complicated for a statement in the book that is not proven. Am I missing a much simpler proof for this statement?
PS. Sorry for the excessive notation, I tried my best to be as precise and as clean as possible. Thanks!
graph-theory algebraic-graph-theory
Here is a statement from the book:
Let G be a group of permutations that acts transitively on $V$, a set of vertices. Let $Omega$ be an orbit of $G$ on $Vtimes V$ that is not symmetric (so $Omega neq Omega^T$). Then $Omega$ is an oriented graph $G$ acts transitively on its vertices. Hence each point in $V$ has the same out-valency and the same in-valency.
I am trying to show that the latter part is true, and it's been tough. Doing any sort of matchings of arcs from $(x,y)$ to $(a,b)$ for some $x,a in V$ proves to be tough since we have a lot of $g$'s and any edge $(x,y)$ can be mapped to any edge $(a,b)$ by choosing (possibly more than one choice) a $g in G$ such that $g(x) = a, g(y) = b$.
One avenue of attack is this: Say $x,a in V$. We know that $G_x leq G$. Since the set of $g in G$ such that $g(x) = a$ is a right coset of $G_x$, we can denote $G_{x rightarrow a} = lbrace g : g(x) = a rbrace$. Now since $G$ is transitive and $Omega$ is an orbital, we know that if $(a,b) in Omega, exists g in G$ such that $(x,y)^g = (a,b)$. This $g$ is also in $G_{x rightarrow a}$. So if $langle x rangle$ are all the out-arcs of $x$, then $G_{x rightarrow a}$ applied to $langle x rangle$ will be the set of edges $langle a rangle$. So $g$ can be viewed as a permutation between $y in V : (x,y) in Omega$ and $b in V : (a,b) in Omega$. Since $g$ is a permutation, the map is 1-1. So the sets must be the same. Similar logic can be applied to obtain the same result for in-arcs.
This seems to be over-complicated for a statement in the book that is not proven. Am I missing a much simpler proof for this statement?
PS. Sorry for the excessive notation, I tried my best to be as precise and as clean as possible. Thanks!
graph-theory algebraic-graph-theory
graph-theory algebraic-graph-theory
asked 2 days ago
SalmonKiller
1,480924
1,480924
add a comment |
add a comment |
1 Answer
1
active
oldest
votes
up vote
1
down vote
accepted
(It is not clear from your question how you get the orientations of each edge from the automorphism group, since if there is an element of $G$ sending $(a_{1},b_{1}) mapsto (a_{2},b_{2})$ then there is also an element sending $(a_{2},b_{2}) mapsto (a_{1},b_{1})$. So I am going to assume that this orientation is defined in a way so that the action of $G$ gives an automorphism group of the oriented graph.)
It is immediate that $G$ acts transitively on $Omega$. The action of $G$ gives an automorphism group of the oriented graph. Since automorphisms must send a vertex $v$ to another vertex with the same in-degree and out-degree, the existence of a vertex-transitive automorphism group forces every vertex to have the same in- and out-degree.
add a comment |
1 Answer
1
active
oldest
votes
1 Answer
1
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
up vote
1
down vote
accepted
(It is not clear from your question how you get the orientations of each edge from the automorphism group, since if there is an element of $G$ sending $(a_{1},b_{1}) mapsto (a_{2},b_{2})$ then there is also an element sending $(a_{2},b_{2}) mapsto (a_{1},b_{1})$. So I am going to assume that this orientation is defined in a way so that the action of $G$ gives an automorphism group of the oriented graph.)
It is immediate that $G$ acts transitively on $Omega$. The action of $G$ gives an automorphism group of the oriented graph. Since automorphisms must send a vertex $v$ to another vertex with the same in-degree and out-degree, the existence of a vertex-transitive automorphism group forces every vertex to have the same in- and out-degree.
add a comment |
up vote
1
down vote
accepted
(It is not clear from your question how you get the orientations of each edge from the automorphism group, since if there is an element of $G$ sending $(a_{1},b_{1}) mapsto (a_{2},b_{2})$ then there is also an element sending $(a_{2},b_{2}) mapsto (a_{1},b_{1})$. So I am going to assume that this orientation is defined in a way so that the action of $G$ gives an automorphism group of the oriented graph.)
It is immediate that $G$ acts transitively on $Omega$. The action of $G$ gives an automorphism group of the oriented graph. Since automorphisms must send a vertex $v$ to another vertex with the same in-degree and out-degree, the existence of a vertex-transitive automorphism group forces every vertex to have the same in- and out-degree.
add a comment |
up vote
1
down vote
accepted
up vote
1
down vote
accepted
(It is not clear from your question how you get the orientations of each edge from the automorphism group, since if there is an element of $G$ sending $(a_{1},b_{1}) mapsto (a_{2},b_{2})$ then there is also an element sending $(a_{2},b_{2}) mapsto (a_{1},b_{1})$. So I am going to assume that this orientation is defined in a way so that the action of $G$ gives an automorphism group of the oriented graph.)
It is immediate that $G$ acts transitively on $Omega$. The action of $G$ gives an automorphism group of the oriented graph. Since automorphisms must send a vertex $v$ to another vertex with the same in-degree and out-degree, the existence of a vertex-transitive automorphism group forces every vertex to have the same in- and out-degree.
(It is not clear from your question how you get the orientations of each edge from the automorphism group, since if there is an element of $G$ sending $(a_{1},b_{1}) mapsto (a_{2},b_{2})$ then there is also an element sending $(a_{2},b_{2}) mapsto (a_{1},b_{1})$. So I am going to assume that this orientation is defined in a way so that the action of $G$ gives an automorphism group of the oriented graph.)
It is immediate that $G$ acts transitively on $Omega$. The action of $G$ gives an automorphism group of the oriented graph. Since automorphisms must send a vertex $v$ to another vertex with the same in-degree and out-degree, the existence of a vertex-transitive automorphism group forces every vertex to have the same in- and out-degree.
edited 4 hours ago
answered 5 hours ago
Morgan Rodgers
9,53521338
9,53521338
add a comment |
add a comment |
Sign up or log in
StackExchange.ready(function () {
StackExchange.helpers.onClickDraftSave('#login-link');
});
Sign up using Google
Sign up using Facebook
Sign up using Email and Password
Post as a guest
Required, but never shown
StackExchange.ready(
function () {
StackExchange.openid.initPostLogin('.new-post-login', 'https%3a%2f%2fmath.stackexchange.com%2fquestions%2f2999288%2fshow-that-each-point-in-v-has-the-same-out-valency-in-omega%23new-answer', 'question_page');
}
);
Post as a guest
Required, but never shown
Sign up or log in
StackExchange.ready(function () {
StackExchange.helpers.onClickDraftSave('#login-link');
});
Sign up using Google
Sign up using Facebook
Sign up using Email and Password
Post as a guest
Required, but never shown
Sign up or log in
StackExchange.ready(function () {
StackExchange.helpers.onClickDraftSave('#login-link');
});
Sign up using Google
Sign up using Facebook
Sign up using Email and Password
Post as a guest
Required, but never shown
Sign up or log in
StackExchange.ready(function () {
StackExchange.helpers.onClickDraftSave('#login-link');
});
Sign up using Google
Sign up using Facebook
Sign up using Email and Password
Sign up using Google
Sign up using Facebook
Sign up using Email and Password
Post as a guest
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown